The Fresh Loaf

A Community of Amateur Bakers and Artisan Bread Enthusiasts.

My personal set of do and don't rules

alfanso's picture
alfanso

My personal set of do and don't rules

Not to be complete and comprehensive and certainly not to be pedantic, but I decided to list a set of my own do and don’t “baking rules”.  I expect no one to take any/some/all of these to heart or put into practice - least of all because I say I do them.  None of these are absolute, but in general, they serve as my personal list of commandments – at least around dough and baking.
  
We have, will develop and hopefully forever evolve our own individual set of rhythms and axioms for what works best for each of us.  There is probably no “one size fits all”.
I’ve been doing these long enough now that it is pretty much second nature to me and I don’t need a checklist to abide by.  Let’s start with the don’ts...

I DON’T

  • I don’t do a float test.  Once I have a mature and reliable levain, it works.  I trust it.
  • I don’t temp the water.  After a while the old “baby bottle drip on the wrist” is all that one needs.  Get to know what temperature your water needs to be.  Need colder water?  Add ice.  Need colder still?  Put the flour in the freezer.
  • I don’t do a windowpane test.  It is not necessary to wring my hands over a failed windowpane, and to keep on mixing, especially because I almost never use a mechanical mixer.  So far I can’t be convinced that I’m wrong on this.  This rule does have a singular caveat.  There are a very few doughs that may be absolutely dependent upon a successful windowpane.  But they are few and far between.  And that is when I’ll use a mixer.  
  • I don’t temp the post-mix dough.  It will be 77-78dF.  I know that from experience.  I trust it.
  • I don’t watch the dough, I watch the clock.  This is the get-myself-into-hot-water-around-here rule.  My kitchen temperature is almost always 78-80dF.  Once I am comfortable with how a dough reacts to the fermentation and the room temperature, it is a reliable and repeatable activity.  I trust it.  Science!
  • I don’t really care how long my retarded dough sits in the refrigerator post-bulk ferment.  As long as it is more than at least 10-12 hours and under ~24 hours.  I’m fine with that.
  • I don’t care how long the dough goes without a divide/pre-shape/shape.  As long as it has been retarding for at least more than an hour or two.  Ten hours is also just as okay in my book.
  • I don’t temp bread when it comes out of the oven.  I trust that experience will lead me to judge that the bread is sufficiently baked.
  • I don’t use any excessive raw flour on my breads.  I’m a minimalist here.  I understand that there is a rustic look that some appreciate, and I’m okay with that – on occasion for myself too.  But in general, the least amount of flour that I can use on the dough without it sticking to a couche or other surface, the better.  For me.
  • I don’t allow the loaves to be loaded too close to each other.  Insufficient room between loaves will keep the sidewalls of the dough insulated and lead to under baked and under colored/gelatinized sides.
  • I don’t change a blade until it has scored a number of loaves or has had a rough time of it due to nuts, seeds and/or fruit on prior scoring.  My double edged razor blades stay sharp for a long time.  And of course I get four tips out of each blade.


I DO

  • I do pay attention to pre-shape.  Every inconsistency that is made during a divide and pre-shape will almost always be magnified in a subsequent step.  I still make occasional mistakes here.
  • I do return the couched dough to retard after shaping.
  • I do bake directly out of retard – with occasional exceptions.
  • I do pay attention to the depth and angle of the blade when I score.  And at times I’m still not giving the individual scores enough room for oven spring and find that the bloom will just plain burst through the scoring.
  • I do place a pan with Sylvia’s Steaming Towel into the oven 15 minutes before baking.  Yes, I know that all of the steam it creates will be gone the second I open the oven door to load the dough, but the water surrounding the towel is boiling away and already prepped to go right back to work the second the oven door closes again.
  • I do use parchment paper as a base for delivery of the dough to the oven deck.  I’d rather not have the dough get stuck on the peel and as stated above, I don’t like to introduce excess raw flour or corn meal, etc. to the underside of the dough to facilitate the movement between peel and baking deck.
  • I do use a secondary source for steam – a 9”x13” pan filled with lava rocks for a brutal burst of pure steam. Near boiling water poured onto the lava rocks just after the dough is loaded.
  • I do remove the parchment paper when the steam is released.  The paper, as thin as it is, still acts as an insulator between the deck and the dough.
  • I do reuse parchment paper at least a second time.  I do it just because it is “fun” to do, but it is a money-saver, however minimal.  I can see no degradation in the finished product with a re-use.
  • I do rotate the loaves from left to right and front to back halfway through baking.  I want equal opportunity for the dough to be exposed to front and back temperatures, oven side walls and hot and “cool” zones in the oven.  The baking deck immediately above the lava rock pan is consistently cooler than the remainder of the baking deck.
  • I do try to vent the finished bread for 1-2 minutes before removing from the oven, thereby giving the bread its first opportunity to dry out a bit.  This can’t be done to the first loaves when there are mixed sizes baking at once – i.e. baguettes and batards.


These baguettes are Forkish Field Blend #2.  At 78% hydration they are a bit too sticky to work with as baguettes, so I lower the hydration down to 75% and they are delightful to handle.
4x350g.

alan

Comments

BXMurphy's picture
BXMurphy

I think that's helpful for those like me looking for a concise set of guidelines.

I like the parts that get you to repeatable results. If you nail down the variables for your own environment and recipe, you should be able to rock out consistent results.

As always practice and experience will get you where you need to go.

Murph

Isand66's picture
Isand66

Very interesting to see how what rules of baking other people follow.  I follow many of your same rules but I use a mixer most of the time for a 5-6 minute slow mix and then use S & F's to finish before bulk retarding.  I also like to use parchment paper but usually don't bother re-using.

Thanks for sharing.

Ian

alfanso's picture
alfanso

I always do S&F as well - well almost always based on the bread. An exception would be a pure Jewish Deli Rye.  Just shape the beast and let it rise.  But to me, S&Fs are part of the Methodology for handling the dough.  I was just shooting from the hip about what my "rules" are, not necessarily what the steps are.

I'd always tossed the parchment paper away after a single use, but a few months ago someone here commented that they get multiple uses out of a sheet.  So I tried it.  And it worked fine.  Now I do it just for the heck of it.  I get my parchment in 16" x 24" sheets that aren't in a roll.  There is a food supply place down here, GFS, that will sell to the public without business licenses.  Not in NY as far as I know.  They have the parchment in 50 sheet packages for something like $4 (?).  I will get a little less than 2 peels of paper from a single sheet.  

GFS for that and my vinyl gloves by the 100 count.  And now once every two years SAF red label IDY in 1 lb. packages for ~$2.50.  Since I moved to levains 2 years ago after a year with IDY, it is hard to make much of a dent in a pound of IDY, so I'll wind up tossing most of it for a new package.  For $2.50 I can be a big shot ;-)

clazar123's picture
clazar123

No arguing with your results. Gorgeous bread! Thank you for sharing your do's/don'ts.

You are very comfortable in your environment and able to make beautiful bread based on its predictability. I would like to share a lesson I learned recently about what happens when you suddenly change that comfortable environment. I had a big comfort level with my baking environment-same house, same oven, same equipment, same weather (or at least normal variations), same ingredients-for 25 years. Then I moved 400 miles north-big change in weather. I have a different oven-huge variation in how it works, a  different stand mixer, and much colder refrigerator (ok-I know my other refrig was 40 yrs old). My bread changed a lot. My dough behaved very differently. Very unsettling!

To add to that, I now spend 6 months in a semitropical environment every year. Wow, what a difference! All kinds of new learning curves.

With all this change, I have learned that the only way to be an expert in my bread making is to understand my bread in my current environment. A lot of the general principles are the same but there is so much that is different. I believe that this is why a recipe is only a starting point and another baker may not have exactly the same results as the baker that develops the recipe. Their environments introduce unique behaviors and probably influence which breads have become signature loafs for a given location in the world.

All that being said, sharing techniques and do's/don'ts offers great learning opportunities for other bakers to become better bakers. That is why I love this site and I want to thank you for sharing. I hope I can become expert enough to produce such beautiful bread.

 

alfanso's picture
alfanso

Totally agree with you that as the environment changes, which as I've learned even means a new oven, the game changes.  We do live in that semi-tropical and that's what I am used to.  Fortunately for me, I exist in a very stable indoor environment and now that I've been long-acquainted with my newish oven, I can be confident that the steps are predictable.  

I can't imagine that bakeries can afford to upset their world by doing windowpanes or float tests, etc.  Especially watching the dough instead of the clock, which would totally kill their busy tightly scripted schedules.

For me key factors in my improvement these past three years: repetition, minor changes between runs to figure out what works and doesn't work, sticking to "safe" formulae and attention to detail (most of the time!).  Thanks, alan

BXMurphy's picture
BXMurphy

It's kind of neat to get some experience under your belt that you can come to the realization that there is really no "right" way of making a bread.

It's like making a chili. It's all good no matter how you make it.

What's nice about the TFL community is that everyone is so civil and helpful in troubleshooting any given recipe. I so very much enjoy it here. It's so relaxing to read through the comments, learn what I can, and feel comfortable in posing questions and suggesting answers that won't end up in a flame war.

Kudos to everyone for keeping this a nice place to visit.

Murph

dabrownman's picture
dabrownman

constant temperature either.  64 F in the winter adn up to 86 F in the summer.  My parchment paper is $17 for 100 sheets and I reuse it until it falls apart - at least 5 times.  I like to bake cool out of the fridge maybe 1 hour on the counter the best  but it depends on how much the shaped dough proofs in the fridge.  It hard to get more than 18 hours of retard without it over proofing.

Nice set of rules.

Happy Baking

alfanso's picture
alfanso

When you finally run out of sheets, sometime around 2033 by my estimates, check these out:

https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_ss_c_2_6?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=quilon+parchment+paper&sprefix=quilon%2Ckitchen%2C152

At first, and for a long time, I was tossing them after a single use, but now I'll get 2-3 bakes from a portion of a sheet before sending it to the landfill.  The exception being for use as a cradle for a loaf like a babka - too messy to reuse, or if the sheet tears and /or crumbles as I'm removing it from the baking deck.

Ru007's picture
Ru007

I usually have an idea of how long the dough should take, and my dough usually sticks to schedule (except the ones with a high % of rye) but if things happen faster or slower i'll just adapt. 

Very glad you brought that up, i thought that it was just me breaking the bread rules in the privacy of my own kitchen.

Seems like i'm not the only rebel. 

I really like your rules, i'll have to try some of the ones i don't already do. 

 

 

 

Arjon's picture
Arjon

With a consistent starter, reasonably consistent room conditions and recipes that are fairly similar, the proofing time won't very all that much. And I can mentally adjust when I know a loaf will take a bit more or a little less time. So, most of the time, I can watch the clock without it leading to major issues. When one or more parameters are more than a bit outside of the usual range is when I focus more on watching the dough. 

kendalm's picture
kendalm

Just wanted to say, the first Do here is great.  I took this advice and saw improved final shape.  I usually would not worry too much about pre-shape imperfections but this makes complete sense that they amplify and since reading this have been making sure pre-shapes are free from folds and kinks.  One problem is that I watch too many pros on youtube and especially if they are in production mode you may notice them slapping their pre-shaped loaves out every 3 seconds and you tend to forget they can do this with their eyes shut.  Great advice tks !